Top 30 MCQs and Insights on p-Block Elements (Groups 15, 16, 17, 18) for West Bengal Higher Secondary Test
Top 30 MCQs and Insights on p-Block Elements (Groups 15, 16, 17, 18) for West Bengal Higher Secondary Test
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Introduction
The p-Block elements, constituting Groups 15 through 18 in the periodic table, are integral to various chemical processes and life itself. This article delves into their properties, uses, and vital MCQs for the West Bengal Higher Secondary examination.
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What Are p-Block Elements?
p-Block elements occupy the right side of the periodic table, showcasing diverse chemical behaviors. These elements have their valence electrons in the p orbital, which governs their unique properties and reactivities.
Group 15 Elements
Introduction to Group 15 Elements
Also known as the Nitrogen family, Group 15 elements include nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. These elements are pivotal in both biological systems and industrial applications.
Physical Properties of Group 15 Elements
Group 15 elements exhibit a mix of non-metallic, metalloid, and metallic characteristics, transitioning from non-metals like nitrogen to metals like bismuth as we move down the group.
Chemical Properties of Group 15 Elements
They typically exhibit oxidation states of -3, +3, and +5. Nitrogen, for instance, forms vital compounds such as ammonia and nitric acid.
Important Compounds of Group 15 Elements
Compounds like phosphoric acid and arsenic oxides are widely used in industries ranging from fertilizers to semiconductors.
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Group 16 Elements
Introduction to Group 16 Elements
Group 16, known as the Oxygen family or chalcogens, includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium.
Physical Properties of Group 16 Elements
These elements range from gaseous oxygen to solid polonium, with varying metallic properties as one moves down the group.
Chemical Properties of Group 16 Elements
Oxygen and sulfur are highly reactive, forming oxides and sulfides, which are crucial in combustion and biological processes.
Important Compounds of Group 16 Elements
Sulfuric acid, a cornerstone of the chemical industry, is a notable compound of sulfur.
Group 17 Elements
Introduction to Group 17 Elements
The Halogens, comprising fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, are known for their high reactivity and toxicity.
Physical Properties of Group 17 Elements
These elements are diatomic molecules at room temperature, with physical states varying from gaseous fluorine to solid iodine.
Chemical Properties of Group 17 Elements
Halogens readily form salts when combined with metals and are powerful oxidizing agents.
Important Compounds of Group 17 Elements
Chlorine compounds, like sodium chloride, are essential in daily life and industrial processes.
Group 18 Elements
Introduction to Group 18 Elements
Noble gases such as helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon are notable for their chemical inertness.
Physical Properties of Group 18 Elements
These elements are colorless, odorless, and exist as monoatomic gases under standard conditions.
Chemical Properties of Group 18 Elements
Though mostly inert, some noble gases like xenon form compounds under extreme conditions.
Uses of Noble Gases
Noble gases have diverse applications, from helium in balloons to argon in welding and neon in lighting.
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Industrial and Biological Importance of p-Block Elements
p-Block elements find uses across industries, from oxygen’s role in respiration to phosphorus in fertilizers. Their varied applications underscore their significance in both life and technology.
Common and Important MCQs on p-Block Elements
1. What is the common oxidation state of Group 15 elements?
a) -1
b) -3
c) +1
d) +5
Answer: b) -3
2. Which element is known as the "King of Chemicals"?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Sulfur
d) Oxygen
Answer: c) Sulfur
3. What is the molecular formula of ozone?
a) O₂
b) O₄
c) O₃
d) O₅
Answer: c) O₃
4. Why are noble gases chemically inert?
a) They have incomplete electron shells
b) They have complete electron shells
c) They have low ionization energy
d) They are highly electronegative
Answer: b) They have complete electron shells
5. What is the main use of fluorine in industries?
a) Manufacturing of fertilizers
b) Production of Teflon
c) Water purification
d) Making of explosives
Answer: b) Production of Teflon
Additional MCQs
6. Which Group 15 element is most abundant in the Earth’s atmosphere?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Arsenic
d) Bismuth
Answer: a) Nitrogen
7. What is the electron configuration of oxygen?
a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
b) 1s² 2s² 2p²
c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
d) 1s² 2s¹ 2p⁴
Answer: a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
8. Which element in Group 16 is used in vulcanization of rubber?
a) Oxygen
b) Sulfur
c) Selenium
d) Tellurium
Answer: b) Sulfur
9. Which halogen is in liquid state at room temperature?
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: c) Bromine
10. Which noble gas is used in fluorescent lamps?
a) Helium
b) Neon
c) Argon
d) Xenon
Answer: b) Neon
11. What is the color of chlorine gas?
a) Colorless
b) Yellow-green
c) Red
d) Blue
Answer: b) Yellow-green
12. Which Group 15 element is used in making matches?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Arsenic
d) Bismuth
Answer: b) Phosphorus
13. What is the oxidation state of oxygen in H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide)?
a) 0
b) -1
c) +1
d) -2
Answer: b) -1
14. Which halogen is used as a disinfectant in drinking water?
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: b) Chlorine
15. Which noble gas is used in MRI scans?
a) Helium
b) Neon
c) Krypton
d) Radon
Answer: a) Helium
16. What is the chemical formula of phosphorus pentachloride?
a) PCl₅
b) PCl₃
c) PCl₂
d) PCl₄
Answer: a) PCl₅
17. Which gas is known as "laughing gas"?
a) Nitric oxide
b) Nitrous oxide
c) Nitrogen dioxide
d) Nitrogen trioxide
Answer: b) Nitrous oxide
18. What is the main component of natural gas?
a) Oxygen
b) Methane
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Nitrogen
Answer: b) Methane
19. Which element is commonly used in thermometers?
a) Mercury
b) Bromine
c) Chlorine
d) Sulfur
Answer: a) Mercury
20. Which compound of nitrogen is used in fertilizers?
a) Ammonia
b) Nitric acid
c) Nitrogen dioxide
d) Nitrous oxide
Answer: a) Ammonia
21. What is the chemical name of common salt?
a) Sodium chloride
b) Potassium chloride
c) Calcium chloride
d) Magnesium chloride
Answer: a) Sodium chloride
22. Which Group 17 element is used in photography?
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: c) Bromine
23. What is the valency of oxygen in water?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: b) 2
24. Which noble gas is used to fill balloons?
a) Neon
b) Argon
c) Helium
d) Xenon
Answer: c) Helium
25. Which Group 15 element is used in making semiconductors?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Arsenic
d) Bismuth
Answer: c) Arsenic
26. What is the color of iodine crystals?
a) Yellow
b) Blue
c) Purple
d) Red
Answer: c) Purple
27. What is the state of matter of radon at room temperature?
a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) Plasma
Answer: c) Gas
28. Which element is known for its use in light bulbs?
a) Neon
b) Krypton
c) Argon
d) Xenon
Answer: c) Argon
29. Which Group 16 element is essential for respiration?
a) Oxygen
b) Sulfur
c) Selenium
d) Tellurium
Answer: a) Oxygen
30. What is the molecular formula of nitrogen gas?
a) N₂
b) N₃
c) N₄
d) N₅
Answer: a) N₂
Conclusion
Understanding the p-Block elements is crucial for students, especially those preparing for the West Bengal Higher Secondary exam. Mastery of these topics not only aids in scoring well but also lays the foundation for future scientific endeavors.
FAQs
How do p-Block elements differ from d-Block elements?
What is the most stable oxidation state of nitrogen?
Why is oxygen essential for life?
What are the industrial uses of sulfuric acid?
How are halogens used in daily life?
Can noble gases form compounds?
For more insights, visit MightyKnowledge.
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